topic be imposed on the section as a whole. But we can, perhaps, identify key motifs that recur in a way that suggests that they are basic to James’s concern at this point. The first of these is the endurance of trials. This theme occurs at the beginning of the passage (vv. 2–4) and again in v. 12. And much of the material in these verses can be tied to this theme more or less directly. But perhaps even more important is the second motif: spiritual wholeness, or integrity. Perseverance in trials